[b said:
Quote[/b] ]Forgetting the religious point of it, and just focusing on the evolution part. Scientifically it doesn't wash either in my opinion. There are no peer reviewed cases of evolution, no one has seen evolution.
[b said:
Quote[/b] ]Forgetting the religious point of it, and just focusing on the evolution part. Scientifically it doesn't wash either in my opinion. There are no peer reviewed cases of evolution, no one has seen evolution.
There are literally thousands of peer reviewed cases of evolution. A search on pubmed yields approximately > 150,000 peer reviewed abstracts pertaining to the subject.
First, let's make sure we understand what evolution is:
Biological evolution:
A process of varying allele frequencies among populations; leading to (usually subtle) changes in the morphological or physiological composition of reproductive organisms, compiled over successive generations, which can increase biodiversity when continuing variation among genetically-isolated groups eventually lead to one or more descendant branches increasingly distinct from the parent population.
We've observed speciation hundreds of times, which also means we've observed macroevolution by definition (the formation of new biologically distinct species). Put in sympatric or allopatric speciation in pubmed, and you'll get hundreds of peer reviewed examples. Alternately, put in "ring species."
We've "seen" cancer cells evolve pumps in response to drug treatment. We've seen bacteria acquire the ability to digest nylon (a man-made product). We've seen all sorts of evolution. I can watch evolution in my cell biology lab as bacteria require resistance to an antiobiotic of my choosing. We've seen the formation of new alleles, and watched those alleles become fixed in some population. Hell, any change in allele frequency is, by definition, evolution, and any such change in the face of selective pressure is adaptive (a matter of reproductive success)
All of this is unequivocally evolution, which is the only explanation we have for the nested hierarchy of life that we have (e.g. all apes are primates, all primates are eutherian mammals, all eutherian mammals are mammals, all mammals are amniotes, all amniotes are tetrapods, all tetrapods are vertebrates, all vertebrates are chordates, all chordates are metazoans, all metazoans are eukaryotes). We have literally no examples of this nesting being broken, ANY clear violation of this nesting would throw a wrench in the conclusion of evolution. This sort of groupings-within-groupings over time of life itself is overwhelming confirmation of evolution, and reinforced by everything else described above (of which these are a few small examples).
The only way you could honestly believe this is if you've never looked. There are examples of evolution going back no less than 150 years years, and many thousands which would be pretty hard to miss if you spent even five minutes in a search engine like BIOSIS.
[b said:
Quote[/b] ]
Every time we see some kind of genetic abnormality, it always, in every case, makes the species weaker.
If you mean we've never observed beneficial mutations, you're wrong. We've observed plenty of beneficial mutations - any mutation which positively impacts reproductive success is, by definition, beneficial. Again, put in "beneficial mutation" into BIOSIS/pubmed, and tell me with a straight face we've never seen it happen.
Note that beneficial mutations represent a fraction of total mutations. Most mutations are neutral in effect (have no impact on reproductive success). Some are harmful. A small percentage are beneficial.
By definition, positive selection acts to increase the frequency of this genetic material over successive generations, whereas negative selection acts to weed out harmful genetic material. So this isn't at all a problem, and there's quite a bit of research looking at known rates of evolution in respect to these frequencies, and the general consensus seems to be that researchers are actually surprised evolution hasn't occurred more quickly on a gobal scale, given what's capable of happening in even a short time period in terms of divergence. This is one of many reasons that Gould/Eldredge proposed punctuated equilibrium (and not due to the absence of any "transitional" fossils - we have major transitions between most vertebrate groups, including fish-amphibians, amphibian-reptiles, reptile-mammals and reptile-birds).
If you'd like me to provide you some of these resources, just let me know.
[b said:
Quote[/b] ]
I think natural selection gets confused for evolution far too many times.
No biologist who has beyond a first year undergrad understanding of evolution could ever mistake natural selection for evolution.
Natural selection is the process by which nature selects favorable genotypes relative to envrionmental demands in some population such that their representative genetic material increases in relative frequency in that population.
Natural selection acting upon the raw material of mutation is the driving force behind evolution as per Darwinian mechanics.
Imho, given the nature of your statements, it's fairly obvious where your information is coming from, Ron. This is what worries me about relying on creationist resources of information - in effect, they are lying to you about the state of science and what evidence actually exists.
Saying that we've never observed evolution to me is like saying that we've never observed hypertrophy in the lab. I'm curious how you could even make that statement without access to relevent literature, of if you've ever honestly looked, or just taken somebody else's word for it.
Most creationist resources are incapable of even properly defining evolution, as far as I can tell. When people won't acknowledge a definition in use by ~99.85-99.90% of biologists worldwide, you have a very troubling situation.
Anyways, you were probably right in the first place - this forum and this thread isn't the right place for this. But you've made a few patently ridiculous claims on the subject, and, as a biology major who's actually seen the evidence you deny even exists, I felt the need to correct you
Anyways, maybe we should take this to IM. If you're interested in looking at evidence first hand, we could do that without clogging up this thread/board.