fast-food meal vs comparable meal

dkm1987

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Ann Nutr Metab. 2007;51(2):163-71.

Hormonal responses to a fast-food meal compared with nutritionally comparable meals of different composition.

Bray GA, Most M, Rood J, Redmann S, Smith SR.


BACKGROUND: Fast food is consumed in large quantities each day. Whether there are differences in the acute metabolic response to these meals as compared to 'healthy' meals with similar composition is unknown. DESIGN: Three-way crossover. METHODS: Six overweight men were given a standard breakfast at 8:00 a.m. on each of 3 occasions, followed by 1 of 3 lunches at noon. The 3 lunches included: (1) a fast-food meal consisting of a burger, French fries and root beer sweetened with high fructose corn syrup; (2) an organic beef meal prepared with organic foods and a root beer containing sucrose, and (3) a turkey meal consisting of a turkey sandwich and granola made with organic foods and an organic orange juice. Glucose, insulin, free fatty acids, ghrelin, leptin, triglycerides, LDL-cholesterol and HDL-cholesterol were measured at 30-min intervals over 6 h. Salivary cortisol was measured after lunch. RESULTS: Total fat, protein and energy content were similar in the 3 meals, but the fatty acid content differed. The fast-food meal had more myristic (C14:0), palmitic (C16:0), stearic (C18:0) and trans fatty acids (C18:1) than the other 2 meals. The pattern of nutrient and hormonal response was similar for a given subject to each of the 3 meals. The only statistically significant acute difference observed was a decrease in the AUC of LDL cholesterol after the organic beef meal relative to that for the other two meals. Other metabolic responses were not different. CONCLUSION: LDL-cholesterol decreased more with the organic beef meal which had lesser amounts of saturated and trans fatty acids than in the fast-food beef meal.
 
<div></div><div id="QUOTEHEAD">QUOTE</div><div id="QUOTE">CONCLUSION: LDL-cholesterol decreased more with the organic beef meal which had lesser amounts of saturated and trans fatty acids than in the fast-food beef meal. </div>

Solid study, but small sample; n = 6?

Either way, lower saturated fat intake takes care of blood cholesterol. IMO, and from my studies, dietary cholesterol plays little role in blood cholesterol unless the blood cholesterol is already high.
 
Does this mean I can go back to eating at McDonald's...?
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(TunnelRat @ Apr. 29 2008,10:21)</div><div id="QUOTEHEAD">QUOTE</div><div id="QUOTE">Does this mean I can go back to eating at McDonald's...?
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No, it means you should stay away from the McFats.
 
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(Dan Moore @ Apr. 29 2008,8:37)</div><div id="QUOTEHEAD">QUOTE</div><div id="QUOTE">Ann Nutr Metab. 2007;51(2):163-71.

Hormonal responses to a fast-food meal compared with nutritionally comparable meals of different composition.

Bray GA, Most M, Rood J, Redmann S, Smith SR.


BACKGROUND: Fast food is consumed in large quantities each day. Whether there are differences in the acute metabolic response to these meals as compared to 'healthy' meals with similar composition is unknown. DESIGN: Three-way crossover. METHODS: Six overweight men were given a standard breakfast at 8:00 a.m. on each of 3 occasions, followed by 1 of 3 lunches at noon. The 3 lunches included: (1) a fast-food meal consisting of a burger, French fries and root beer sweetened with high fructose corn syrup; (2) an organic beef meal prepared with organic foods and a root beer containing sucrose, and (3) a turkey meal consisting of a turkey sandwich and granola made with organic foods and an organic orange juice. Glucose, insulin, free fatty acids, ghrelin, leptin, triglycerides, LDL-cholesterol and HDL-cholesterol were measured at 30-min intervals over 6 h. Salivary cortisol was measured after lunch. RESULTS: Total fat, protein and energy content were similar in the 3 meals, but the fatty acid content differed. The fast-food meal had more myristic (C14:0), palmitic (C16:0), stearic (C18:0) and trans fatty acids (C18:1) than the other 2 meals. The pattern of nutrient and hormonal response was similar for a given subject to each of the 3 meals. The only statistically significant acute difference observed was a decrease in the AUC of LDL cholesterol after the organic beef meal relative to that for the other two meals. Other metabolic responses were not different. CONCLUSION: LDL-cholesterol decreased more with the organic beef meal which had lesser amounts of saturated and trans fatty acids than in the fast-food beef meal.</div>
That would have some value IF it was accompanied by data that showed cholesterol as the cause of atheroslerosis and cardiovascular disease.
 
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(colby2152 @ Apr. 30 2008,2:43)</div><div id="QUOTEHEAD">QUOTE</div><div id="QUOTE"> <div></div><div id="QUOTEHEAD">QUOTE</div><div id="QUOTE">CONCLUSION: LDL-cholesterol decreased more with the organic beef meal which had lesser amounts of saturated and trans fatty acids than in the fast-food beef meal. </div>

Solid study, but small sample; n = 6?</div>
its a cross over, the sample size cant be compared to a standard parallel design.

They had origonally planned to use 20 subjects withinteh crossover, but with obligations to ethics, theycut the number of subjects off short due to no differences in the parameters of interest.
 
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(Martin Levac @ Apr. 29 2008,1:58)</div><div id="QUOTEHEAD">QUOTE</div><div id="QUOTE">That would have some value IF it was accompanied by data that showed cholesterol as the cause of atheroslerosis and cardiovascular disease.</div>
The only reason I posted that was

<div></div><div id="QUOTEHEAD">QUOTE</div><div id="QUOTE">The pattern of nutrient and hormonal response was similar for a given subject to each of the 3 meals. The only statistically significant acute difference observed was a decrease in the AUC of LDL cholesterol after the organic beef meal relative to that for the other two meals. Other metabolic responses were not different.</div>

I don't have the full but perhaps Aaron does so maybe, if he has the time or will, can post the tables for the hormone response.
 
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(Dan Moore @ Apr. 30 2008,8:29)</div><div id="QUOTEHEAD">QUOTE</div><div id="QUOTE"><div>
(Martin Levac @ Apr. 29 2008,1:58)</div><div id="QUOTEHEAD">QUOTE</div><div id="QUOTE">That would have some value IF it was accompanied by data that showed cholesterol as the cause of atheroslerosis and cardiovascular disease.</div>
The only reason I posted that was

<div></div><div id="QUOTEHEAD">QUOTE</div><div id="QUOTE">The pattern of nutrient and hormonal response was similar for a given subject to each of the 3 meals. The only statistically significant acute difference observed was a decrease in the AUC of LDL cholesterol after the organic beef meal relative to that for the other two meals. Other metabolic responses were not different.</div>

I don't have the full but perhaps Aaron does so maybe, if he has the time or will, can post the tables for the hormone response.</div>
While he's at it, he should also post the macro-nutrient content of each meal. If the macro-nutrient content of each meal is the same even if the specific foods are not (burger versus steak or HFCS Coke versus sucrose Coke for instance), then the hormonal response can be expected to be the same. For this study, or any other study for that matter, to be able to show a difference in hormonal response considering the known effects of carbohydrate/glucose on insulin, there must be a clear distinction between each meal's macro-nutrient content.
 
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