And he is wrong, just as you are wrong. All the genetics in the world can't force me to go to the store and start horking down twinkies. No matter how screwed up my hormones are, my wasteline is the ultimate judge of my intake. You're starting to go toward Gary Taubes / borderline insane on this issue anoop, so this will be my last post. The ultimate reason anyone is obese is positive energy balance. Yes, that may end up screwing them for life by making it harder to maintain a lower body weight. Yes, their hormones may be sending them hunger signals when they really don't need food. Yes, their gut flora... etc., etc., etc., etc., etc., etc., etc., etc., etc., etc., etc., etc. You can blather on about proximate causes and contributing factors all you want, the bottom line is that the physical laws of the universe which govern how every system works from our bodies up to and including black holes says it's energy balance. So unless you're going to make the ultimate argument against free will itself, it comes down to energy balance and self control. And I don't give a crap if people claim they're counting calories and still getting fat, because energy balance says if they are gaining weight then they have to be in a calorie surplus, so they're counting wrong, plain and simple. Energy balance is like gravity, it's not debatable unless you want to go into lunatic territory. And everything you keep bringing up is subsumed by energy balance; all it's telling us is why some people have a harder time than others.